Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation & Minimum Error Rate Training: Phrase-Level Learning and Direct Optimization
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Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation & Minimum Error Rate Training: Phrase-Level Learning and Direct Optimization

Michael Brenndoerfer•November 1, 2025•22 min read•3,806 words•Interactive

How phrase-based translation (2003) extended IBM statistical MT to phrase-level learning, capturing idioms and collocations, while Minimum Error Rate Training optimized feature weights to directly maximize BLEU scores, establishing the dominant statistical MT paradigm

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BIBTEXAcademic
@misc{phrasebasedstatisticalmachinetranslationminimumerrorratetrainingphraselevellearninganddirectoptimization, author = {Michael Brenndoerfer}, title = {Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation & Minimum Error Rate Training: Phrase-Level Learning and Direct Optimization}, year = {2025}, url = {https://mbrenndoerfer.com/writing/history-phrase-based-smt-mert}, organization = {mbrenndoerfer.com}, note = {Accessed: 2025-11-02} }
APAAcademic
Michael Brenndoerfer (2025). Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation & Minimum Error Rate Training: Phrase-Level Learning and Direct Optimization. Retrieved from https://mbrenndoerfer.com/writing/history-phrase-based-smt-mert
MLAAcademic
Michael Brenndoerfer. "Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation & Minimum Error Rate Training: Phrase-Level Learning and Direct Optimization." 2025. Web. 11/2/2025. <https://mbrenndoerfer.com/writing/history-phrase-based-smt-mert>.
CHICAGOAcademic
Michael Brenndoerfer. "Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation & Minimum Error Rate Training: Phrase-Level Learning and Direct Optimization." Accessed 11/2/2025. https://mbrenndoerfer.com/writing/history-phrase-based-smt-mert.
HARVARDAcademic
Michael Brenndoerfer (2025) 'Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation & Minimum Error Rate Training: Phrase-Level Learning and Direct Optimization'. Available at: https://mbrenndoerfer.com/writing/history-phrase-based-smt-mert (Accessed: 11/2/2025).
SimpleBasic
Michael Brenndoerfer (2025). Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation & Minimum Error Rate Training: Phrase-Level Learning and Direct Optimization. https://mbrenndoerfer.com/writing/history-phrase-based-smt-mert
Michael Brenndoerfer

About the author: Michael Brenndoerfer

All opinions expressed here are my own and do not reflect the views of my employer.

Michael currently works as an Associate Director of Data Science at EQT Partners in Singapore, where he drives AI and data initiatives across private capital investments.

With over a decade of experience spanning private equity, management consulting, and software engineering, he specializes in building and scaling analytics capabilities from the ground up. He has published research in leading AI conferences and holds expertise in machine learning, natural language processing, and value creation through data.

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