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Hypothesis Testing: P-values, Z-tests, T-tests, F-tests & ANOVA

A comprehensive guide to hypothesis testing in statistics, covering p-values, null and alternative hypotheses, z-tests for known variance and proportions, t-tests (one-sample, two-sample, paired, Welch's), F-tests for comparing variances and ANOVA for multiple groups, Type I and Type II errors, statistical power, effect sizes, and multiple comparison corrections. Learn how to make rigorous data-driven decisions under uncertainty.