Machine Learning from Scratch

Machine Learning from Scratch covers statistical methods, machine learning algorithms, mathematical foundations, and practical implementations.

66 items · Page 2 of 2

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Michael Brenndoerfer
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Data, Analytics & AIMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Gauss-Markov Assumptions for OLS Regression

May 22, 2025·16 min read

Covers the Gauss-Markov assumptions that underpin linear regression. Topics include the five key assumptions, how to test them, consequences of violations.

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Data, Analytics & AIMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Normalization: Feature Scaling with Min-Max Implementation

May 19, 2025·14 min read

Covers normalization in machine learning, covering min-max scaling, proper train-test split implementation, when to use normalization vs standardization.

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Data, Analytics & AIMachine Learning from Scratch

Statistical Sampling: Populations, Samples and Bias

May 16, 2025·16 min read

Covers sampling theory and methods in data science, covering simple random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, sampling error.

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Data, Analytics & AIMachine Learning from ScratchMachine Learning

Probability Distributions: Normal, Binomial, Poisson

May 13, 2025·18 min read

Covers probability distributions for data science, including normal, t-distribution, binomial, Poisson, exponential, and log-normal distributions.

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Data, Analytics & AIMachine Learning from ScratchMachine Learning

Statistical Inference

May 10, 2025·25 min read

Covers statistical inference, including point and interval estimation, confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, p-values, Type I and Type II errors.

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Data, Analytics & AIMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Descriptive Statistics with Python

May 7, 2025·26 min read

Covers descriptive statistics fundamentals, including measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode), variability (variance, standard deviation, IQR).

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Data, Analytics & AIMachine Learning from Scratch

Central Limit Theorem and Sampling Distributions

May 4, 2025·12 min read

Covers the Central Limit Theorem covering convergence to normality, standard error, sample size requirements.

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Data, Analytics & AIMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Probability Basics for Statistical Reasoning

May 1, 2025·46 min read

Covers probability theory fundamentals, covering random variables, probability distributions, expected value and variance.

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Data, Analytics & AIMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Data Types: Quantitative, Qualitative and Measurement Scales

Apr 28, 2025·19 min read

Classify data as quantitative or qualitative, discrete or continuous, and nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio. Match each type to suitable analysis methods.

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Data, Analytics & AISoftware EngineeringMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Standardization for Comparable ML Features

Apr 25, 2025·12 min read

Covers standardization in machine learning, covering mathematical foundations, practical implementation.

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Data, Analytics & AIMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Sum of Squared Errors (SSE): Measuring Model Performance

Apr 22, 2025·19 min read

Covers the Sum of Squared Errors (SSE) metric in regression analysis. Topics include the mathematical foundation, visualization techniques.

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Data, Analytics & AISoftware EngineeringMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

L1 Regularization (LASSO): Math, Examples & Python

Apr 19, 2025·60 min read

Covers L1 regularization (LASSO) in machine learning, covering mathematical foundations, optimization theory, practical implementation.

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Data, Analytics & AISoftware EngineeringMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Multiple Linear Regression: Formulas, Examples & Python

Apr 16, 2025·41 min read

Multiple linear regression estimates how several predictors relate to an outcome. Covers OLS formulas, assumptions, interpretation, diagnostics, and Python.

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Data, Analytics & AISoftware EngineeringMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Multicollinearity in Regression: Detection, Impact

Apr 13, 2025·41 min read

Covers multicollinearity in regression analysis with this practical guide. VIF analysis, correlation matrices, coefficient stability testing.

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Data, Analytics & AISoftware EngineeringMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Ordinary Least Squares (OLS): Math Formulas, Examples

Apr 10, 2025·33 min read

Covers Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, including mathematical derivations, matrix formulations, step-by-step examples, and Python implementation.

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Data, Analytics & AISoftware EngineeringMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Simple Linear Regression: Formulas, Examples & Python

Apr 7, 2025·48 min read

Simple linear regression models the relationship between one predictor and an outcome. Covers OLS formulas, assumptions, interpretation, and Python.

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Data, Analytics & AIMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

R-squared (Coefficient of Determination): Formula, Intuition

Apr 4, 2025·7 min read

Covers R-squared, the coefficient of determination. Explains what R-squared means, how to calculate it, interpret its value.

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Data, Analytics & AISoftware EngineeringMachine LearningMachine Learning from Scratch

Generalized Linear Models: Math & Python

Apr 1, 2025·55 min read

Generalized linear models combine link functions with probability distributions. Covers logistic and Poisson regression, maximum likelihood, and Python.

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Community

Learn with the community

Create a free account to keep your reading organized, join thoughtful discussions, and get more from every chapter.

  • Keep your place across books and articles
  • Ask questions and take part in discussions
  • Read with fewer interruptions

Free to join · Takes less than a minute

Why

I created this space so readers can learn together, ask questions, and make sense of difficult ideas.

Michael Brenndoerfer
From readers1 / 12